Most non-resident owners think of IRNR as one annual form. It is three things: a return on rent for the time the property is let, a return on deemed income for the time it is not, and a 3% retention when the property is sold. The filing calendar changed with the 2026 income year, and most summaries still describe the old one. One form does not belong on the list. Modelo 720 is an information return on assets held abroad, filed by Spanish tax residents; a non-resident owner does not file it.
IRNR (Impuesto sobre la Renta de no Residentes) is governed by Real Decreto Legislativo 5/2004 — Texto Refundido de la Ley del IRNR. Non-residents pay Spanish income tax only on Spanish-source income, filed on Modelo 210. Rent received by a non-resident is taxed at 19% on income net of expenses for EU/EEA residents and at 24% on gross income for everyone else (Articles 24 and 25.1.a of the IRNR law). The tax is IRNR, not IRPF. On €120,000 of rent a year, a resident outside the EU/EEA pays 24% of the gross — €28,800; an EU/EEA resident pays 19% of what is left after deductible expenses.
Every non-resident owner is in one of three IRNR situations, each with its own base and deadline: the property is let, the property is not let, or the property is being sold.
Most owners are in two of them in the same year — deemed income for the days the property sits empty, rent for the days it is let. For 2026, a non-resident individual who does not let the property is taxed on a deemed income of 1.1% or 2% of the cadastral value, depending on when that value was last revised; the rate is 19% for EU/EEA residents and 24% for others. It applies to individuals, not companies. Deemed income is declared once a year on Modelo 210: for 2025 and earlier, during the following calendar year; for 2026 onwards, between 1 April and 31 December of the following year. Rental income grouped annually is filed from 1 to 20 January of the following year for 2024 and 2025, and from 1 to 20 April of the following year from 2026.
The split between net and gross is in the statute. Residents of EU/EEA countries deduct expenses (mortgage interest, IBI, community fees, basura, depreciation, insurance, professional management, repairs); residents of other countries (US, UK, UAE, Singapore) deduct nothing and pay 24% on gross rental income (Articles 24.1 and 24.6 of the IRNR law). The tax agency's published guidance says the same.
At sale. A non-resident pays 19% on the gain from selling Spanish property, whatever the country of residence (Article 25.1.f of the IRNR law). The 19%/24% split applies to rent and deemed income, not to capital gains. When the seller is not resident in Spain, the buyer withholds 3% of the price and pays it to the tax agency on Modelo 211 within one month of the sale (Article 25.2 of the IRNR law; Article 14.3 of the IRNR Regulation). It is a payment on account of the seller's tax; only the excess over the tax due is refunded. The gain on a sale is declared within three months after the one-month period following the sale — four months from the deed.